Colonoscopy is a diagnostic modality that helps to visualise and examine the colon or the large intestine. The technique involves the use of a long flexible tube with a light source on one of its ends. The tube is inserted transanally and may also be used to examine a portion of the small intestine. Colonoscopy is recommended to patients experiencing any of the following symptoms:
- Traces of blood in the stool
- Persistent abdominal pain and discomfort
- Chronic diarrhoea
- Unusual change in bowel habits
Indications
Colonoscopy is usually done for the diagnosis and assessment of colon malignancies and collection of tissue samples for biopsy.
Other common indications of Colonoscopy include:
- Colon polyps
- Inflammatory bowel disease
Colonoscopy may also be performed as a therapeutic intervention for the following:
- Polypectomy
- Localisation of lesions
- Removal of foreign bodies
- Decompression of sigmoid volvulus and colonic pseudo obstruction
- Balloon dilation of stictures
Procedures
- Before starting the procedure intravenous fluids may be given, and your vitals will be checked.
- Sedatives will be given to make sure that you do not feel any pain or discomfort
- Medication may also be given to reduce cramping and bloating
- You will be required to lie down on your left side or back.
- Once you are in the right position, the tube will be inserted via the anus and advanced slowly
- The procedure will take about 15 minutes to an hour
Benefits
- It can help in detecting the early stages of cancer
- The procedure does not require any incisions or cuts
- It is a safe procedure
